健康福祉社会における福祉系人財育成の日越比較研究 ―とくに女性リーダー育成を中心に―

博士（生活支援学）西九州大学2021年

Zero-Gravity Triaxial Shear Tests on Mechanical Properties of Liquefied Sand and Performance Assessment of Mitigations Against Large Ground Deformation

This paper concerns prediction of liquefaction-induced large deformation of geotechnical structures that will play major roles in practice of seismic performance design. To do this prediction, it is essential to establish a mechanical model for liquefied sand in which effective stress is null or extremely low. Although past model tests suggested that liquefied sand behaves similar to viscous liquid, there is an opinion against it that pore water pressure distribution in embedded structures produces an apparent rate-dependent behavior. This opinion was examined precisely and quantitatively by analyzing a full-scale model test to find that the pore pressure theory cannot account for the observed behavior. Then the authors conducted a new type of triaxial tests in which the effective stress was made extremely low, similar to the situation in fully liquefied sand, by free falling of a test device in a vertical shaft, thus making the gravity be zero, and a rate-dependent nature of liquefied sand was observed. By using the observed behavior of liquefied sand, a viscous model was developed. This viscous model was made use of to evaluate the performance of different mitigation measures that were proposed for river levees and other embankments subjected to liquefaction problems

Elastic and thermodynamic properties of the major clinker phases of Portland cement: Insights from first principles calculations

Portland based cement is one of the most popular materials used in the civil and construction applications. Reliable computational methods to provide an insight into the underlying mechanics of the major phases of this material are of great interest for cement design. The present work investigated the performance of density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the PBE-D2 method to predict the mechanical, thermodynamic properties of four major phases namely Alite C3S, Belite C2S, tricalcium aluminate C3A and tetracalcium aluminoferrite C4AF. The calculated elastic properties were in a good agreement with available experimental data. In addition, a deeper insight into the electron density of state, spin-polarization, atomic charge, as well as free energy and entropy properties were also presented. Further development is necessary to improve the established DFT models for predicting the mechanical properties of the ferrite phase of Portland clinker.publishedVersio

Interregional Input-Output Analysis between the Mekong Delta Region (MDR) and the Rest of Vietnam (ROV)

The Mekong Delta is an important economic area, located in the southern part of Vietnam. The Mekong Delta has many potential and opportunities for development, but also new challenges in the context of global climate change, sea level rise, as well as the consequences of blocking the river and the Mekong countries also need to increase competition in international integration. In addition to these challenges, the region also has new opportunities when implementing economic restructuring in line with the policy of restructuring the economy in new conditions, including the establishment of special economic zones as PhuQuoc Resort. Besides analysis based on modern economic theory, this paper uses the input-output framework (I/O Inter-sect oral Scope Model) updated in 2016 for two areas: by the Mekong River and the Rest of Vietnam (ROV) to find inter-regional impacts and to calculate some impact assessments of climate change. The study also analyzes some other factors related to the viewpoint of sustainable regional development in new conditions, income distribution and social security

Identity and community structure in Neolithic Man Bac, Northern Vietnam

FUNDING This research was supported by JSPS fund 16H02527 and Australian Research Council grant DP0774079. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people have been involved in the excavation and post-excavation work associated with Man Bac over the years. Here we wish to pay special thanks to Nguyen Kim Dung (then of the Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi) who co-directed the excavations in 2004/5 and 2007. The following were involved in either one or several ways between 2004/5 and 2007 (facilitation of land access, excavation, post-excavation analysis, and ublication): Nguyen Hann Khang and Nguyen Cao Tan (Ninh Binh Provincial Museum, Vietnam), the landowner of Man Bac Nguyen Van Sai, the Chung Village community, Peter Bellwood and Lorna Tilley (Australian National University), Nguyen Giang Hai (former Director, Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi), Nguyen Kim Thuy, Nguyen An Tuan, Vu The Long, Tran Thi Thuy Ha, Bui Thu Phuong, Ha Manh Thang, Nguyen Ngoc Quy, Vo Thanh Huong, Nguyen Chi Tan, Nguyen Thi Mai Huong (Institute of Archaeology, Hanoi), Mariko Yamagata (Okayama Science University, Japan), Ken-ichi Shidoda (National Museum of Nature and Science, Japan), Yukio Dodo (formerly of Tohoku University, Japan), Takeji Toizumi (Meiji University, Japan), Junmei Sawada (Nigata University of Health and Welfare, Japan), Mark Lipson (Harvard Medical School, USA), Anna Willis (James Cook University, Australia). Many thanks to Jeff Oliver for reading and commenting on an earlier draft.Peer reviewedPostprin

Beyond First/Last Mile Active Transportation - BikeShare@UH

Bike sharing is a new green transportation solution that has been developed and adopted at various cities around the world. In this paper, we present the process and results of the design and prototypes that a group of undergraduate students developed for a BikeShare@UH program during Summer 2017. After presenting the detailed results of four project teams focusing on customer discovery, bike share station (BSS) location identification, cloud-based mobile computing platform for user engagement and bike share program operation and management, smart lock, and alternative energy source based on PV panel. With the phase one implementation at the University planned in Spring 2018, we anticipate gathering real time data and feedback to improve the system.Cockrell School of Engineerin

Serum Granulysin in Differentiation of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/toxic Epidermal Necrolysis and Erythema Multiforme

BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are acute, life-threatening drug reactions, which lead to massive epidermal necrolysis. Granulysin plays an important role as a key mediator for keratinocyte apoptosis in these conditions. Erythema multiforme (EM) may have skin manifestation similar to SJS/TEN. AIMS: The aim of the study was to compare serum granulysin levels in patients with SJS/TEN and EM as well as to investigate a possible association between serum granulysin levels and the severity of SJS/TEN. METHODS: In total, 48 patients with SJS/TEN, 43 patients with EM, and 20 health controls (HCs) were enrolled. We measured serum granulysin levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The average level of serum granulysin in the SJS/TEN patients was 23.0 ng/ml (range 1.2–144.6 ng/ml), significantly higher than that of EM group (20.1 ng/ml; range 8.5–121 ng/ml, p < 0.05) and HCs group (20.8 ng/ml; range 10.1–46.7 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Of 48 SJS/TEN patients, the 25 samples collected <6 days after onset showed higher level of serum granulysin (27.7 ng/ml; range 2.5–144.6 ng/ml) than those collected ≥6 days after onset (17.9 ng/ml; range 1.2–59 ng/ml; p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between serum granulysin levels and the body surface area affected and the modified-SCORTEN. At the day of re-epithelialization, serum granulysin levels were not different compared with those at the day of hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Serum granulysin levels are significantly higher in SJS/TEN group than in EM group. After the onset, serum granulysin levels in patients with SJS/TEN are not a good biomarker to evaluate the severity of the diseases

Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of essential oils from Homalomena pierreana (Araceae)

30-37Homalomena is a genus of the Araceae family which contains several remedies used extensively in traditional Vietnamese medicine. H. pierreana is a rare plant species of Homalomena genus and found only in Phu Quoc National Park, Phu Quoc Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam. Therefore, the number of studies about this species is limited and the bioactivity of this species is still unknown. In this study, the chemical composition of essential oils was investigated which was isolated from leaves and rhizomes of H. pierreana at the first time by GC-MS. Eight and twelve compounds were identified from the essential oils of rhizomes and leaves, respectively. The major component from both the rhizomes and the leaves was aromadendrene (44 and 48%, respectively). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of essential oils collected from leaves and rhizomes of H. pierreana was investigated and it was observed that the essential oil of rhizomes could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while the essential oil of leaves exhibited an inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.</em

Scurvy in the Tropics: Evidence for increasing non-adult micronutrient deficiency with the transition to agriculture in northern Vietnam

Objective: Scurvy in non-adults was assessed at the Pre-Neolithic site of Con Co Ngua and the Neolithic site of Man Bac in northern Vietnam to investigate nutritional stress during the agricultural transition in Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA). Materials: One hundred and four human skeletons under the age of 20 years old were assessed. Methods: Lesions were recorded macroscopically and radiographically. Differential diagnosis using prior established paleopathological diagnostic criteria for scurvy was conducted. Results: There was no clear evidence for scurvy at Con Co Ngua and a high burden of scurvy was present at Man Bac (>79% diagnosed with probable scurvy). Scurvy levels were high across all non-adult ages at Man Bac indicating significant burden throughout childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: No scurvy at Con Co Ngua is consistent with widely available food sources at the peak of the Holocene thermal maximum. High levels of scurvy at Man Bac corresponds with decreased dietary diversity, high pathogen load, and increased population stress with the transition to agriculture around the time of the 4.2 ka desertification event. Significance: This is the first systematic population-level non-adult investigation of specific nutritional disease in MSEA and demonstrates an increase in nutritional stress during the Neolithic transition in northern Vietnam. Limitations: Subperiosteal new bone deposits can be due to normal growth in infants and young children, therefore, identification of scurvy in children under the age of 4 years needs to be considered critically. Suggestions for Further Research: Further work in diagnosing specific nutritional disease in other non-adult cohorts throughout MSEA is required

TÀI NGUYÊN VỊ THẾ ĐẢO CỒN CỎ

Being a basaltic volcano, Con Co island is an isometric hill 2.3 km2 wide and 63 m high, located far 24 km from the mainland, and guards the entrance to the Gulf of Tonkin. It is isolated, but unique in location, and relatively closed to mainland. Despite its small size, the characteristics of morphology and spatial structures, geological composition, area, height, ecological landscape, dynamics and stability of the island... create great values of geo-natural position resources and favorable environment for island residents. Regarding geo - economic position resources, the island is a district under the Quang Tri province, a priority location for development of the country’s marine and island economy, and the economic centre at the entrance of the Gulf of Tonkin. This is also a convenient site for the development of marine economic sectors such as fishery, natural conservation, services - tourism and some others. In terms of geo-political position resources, the island has tremendous advantages for the sovereignty, sovereign rights and national interests at sea. As an outpost at the highly sensitive geo-political area, the Con Co island has the great value of defense, as a solid military base in the entrance of the Gulf of Tonkin and the most important link in the line of defense from coastal islands in the North Centre. It possesses many valuable cultural heritages, especially the heroic relics during the war against the US.Đảo Cồn Cỏ nguồn gốc núi lửa bazan, dạng đồi đẳng thước rộng 2,3 km2, cao 63 m, nằm cách xa bờ 24 km. Đảo có vị trí lẻ loi ở cửa vịnh Bắc Bộ và khá gần bờ Việt Nam. Mặc dù diện tích đảo nhỏ, nhưng các đặc điểm về hình thể và cấu trúc không gian, cấu tạo địa chất; diện tích, độ cao và cảnh quan sinh thái; động lực và tính ổn định... đã tạo ra giá trị lớn cho đảo về tài nguyên địa - tự nhiên và môi trường sinh cư thuận lợi cho các loài sinh vật và con người. Về giá trị vị thế địa - kinh tế, Cồn Cỏ thuộc đơn vị hành chính cấp huyện thuộc tỉnh Quảng Trị, là vị trí ưu tiên đối với phát triển kinh tế biển - đảo của đất nước; là vị trí trung tâm của không gian kinh tế khu cửa vịnh Bắc Bộ. Đây là một địa bàn thuận lợi cho phát triển các lĩnh vực kinh tế biển như thủy sản, bảo tồn biển, dịch vụ - du lịch cùng với các loại hình dịch vụ khác. Về giá trị vị thế địa - chính trị, đảo Cồn Cỏ có giá trị to lớn đối với việc bảo vệ các quyền và lợi ích quốc gia của Việt Nam trên biển. Là đảo tiền tiêu nằm trong vùng địa - chính trị nhạy cảm cao, đảo có giá trị lớn về phòng thủ, là một cứ điểm quân sự vững chắc ở vùng cửa vịnh Bắc Bộ và mắt xích quan trọng nhất trong phòng tuyến các đảo ven bờ Bắc Trung Bộ. Cồn Cỏ có các giá trị di sản văn hoá biển đảo, đặc biệt là những chiến tích anh hùng trong thời chiến tranh chống Mỹ